Journal: Molecular Metabolism
Article Title: Functional regulation of macrophages by Ces1d-mediated lipid signaling in immunometabolism
doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2025.102166
Figure Lengend Snippet: Ces1d expression profiles during macrophage differentiation and polarization in mice and humans . (A) In silico data from Dataset Record GDS2429 ( www.//ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/tools/profileGraph.cgi?ID=GDS2429:209616_s_at ) indicated that Ces1d (CES1 in human) levels are altered during human monocyte differentiation into macrophages induced by M-CSF, and subsequent polarization into M1 or M2 macrophages upon treatment with IFN-γ and LPS or IL-4, respectively. (B) q-PCR analysis of Ces1d mRNA levels at different time points during the differentiation of mouse monocytes into BMDM macrophages (n = 3/group; ANOVA analysis: ∗∗∗p < 0.0001). (C) Western blot analysis of CES1 protein levels in human THP-1 macrophage cells at two stages: M0-like untreated state and M1-like after LPS treatment for 12 h (n = 3/group). (D) Co-immunofluorescent (IF) staining using bodipy (green) and α-Ces1d specific antibody (red) on BMDMs treated with or without Oleic Acid (OA) or Palmitic Acid (PA) (scale bar: 50 μm). The white lines formed frames highlighted the cells which are zoomed in Panel E . (E) The images show a zoomed-in view of the cells highlighted by the frames formed by the white lines in Panel D (scale bar: 5 μm).
Article Snippet: After 7 days, the adherent cells, identified as bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) by their specific markers, were cultured in complete BMDM medium (GenDEPOT, Cat# CM001).
Techniques: Expressing, In Silico, Western Blot, Staining